How Many Religions in Kerala? Key Insights and FAQs

Kerala, often referred to as “God’s Own Country,” is not just famous for its backwaters, greenery, and high literacy rate—it’s also known for its religious diversity and peaceful coexistence. This southwestern Indian state is home to a variety of religions, cultures, and communities that have lived together in harmony for centuries.

Let’s explore how many religions in Kerala, and how they shape the spiritual and cultural landscape of the state.

How Many Religions in Kerala?

As per the Census of India, Kerala is home to three major religions along with a few smaller communities. The people of Kerala have historically shown strong religious tolerance, and festivals of all faiths are widely celebrated by people from different backgrounds.

1. Hinduism

• Hinduism is the majority religion in Kerala.

• About 54.7% of the population follow Hinduism.

• The state is home to iconic temples like Sabarimala, Guruvayur, Padmanabhaswamy Temple, and Vadakkunnathan Temple.

• Popular festivals: Onam, Vishu, Navaratri, and Thrissur Pooram.

• Both Shaivism and Vaishnavism traditions are observed, along with unique temple arts like Kathakali and Theyyam.

2. Islam

• Islam is the second-largest religion in Kerala.

• Followed by about 26.6% of the population.

• Kerala’s Muslims, known as Mappilas, have a rich cultural and literary history, especially in Malabar (northern Kerala).

• Important districts: Malappuram, Kozhikode, Kannur, Kasaragod, and Ernakulam.

• Celebrations include Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Adha, and Milad-un-Nabi.

• Kerala has a significant number of mosques, many with centuries-old heritage.

3. Christianity

• Third-largest religion in Kerala.

• Around 18.4% of the population are Christians.

• Kerala is one of the earliest homes of Christianity in the world, believed to be introduced by St. Thomas the Apostle in 52 AD.

• Major denominations include Syro-Malabar Catholics, Jacobites, Marthomites, Latin Catholics, Protestants, and Pentecostals.

• Important churches: St. Francis Church (Kochi), Malayattoor Church, and St. Thomas Syro-Malabar Church (Palayoor).

• Christmas, Easter, and Good Friday are widely celebrated.

4. Jainism

• A very small community in Kerala, mostly concentrated in Kozhikode and Wayanad.

• Jains are primarily involved in trade and business.

• A few Jain temples exist, reflecting architectural elegance and cultural preservation.

5. Sikhism

• Minimal presence in Kerala, with small groups in Kochi, Thiruvananthapuram, and other cities.

• Gurudwaras cater to the Sikh population and also offer langar (community kitchens).

• Festivals like Guru Nanak Jayanti are observed with devotion.

6. Buddhism

• Historically significant, but not widely practiced today.

• Ancient Kerala had Buddhist influence, seen in temple architecture and cultural traditions like Kalaripayattu.

• Some scholars believe many rituals in Hindu temples have Buddhist origins.

7. Tribal and Indigenous Beliefs

• Indigenous communities like Kurichiyas, Paniyas, and Kattunayakans follow a mix of tribal spirituality and Hindu practices.

• Nature worship and ancestral reverence are part of their belief systems.

---

FAQs: How Many Religions in Kerala?

1. What is the most followed religion in Kerala?

Hinduism is the most followed religion, practiced by around 54.7% of the population.

2. What is the second-largest religion in Kerala?

Islam, followed by approximately 26.6% of the population, mainly in the northern districts.

3. Is Christianity significant in Kerala?

Yes, Christianity is followed by about 18.4% of the population, with a history dating back to the 1st century AD.

4. Are there Buddhists in Kerala?

While Buddhism is not widely practiced today, it had significant influence in ancient Kerala, visible in temple architecture and cultural traditions.

5. Is Jainism practiced in Kerala?

Yes, but by a very small number, mainly in Kozhikode and Wayanad districts.

6. Do Sikhs live in Kerala?

Yes, a small Sikh community exists, mainly in cities like Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram, with functioning Gurudwaras.

7. Do tribal communities in Kerala have their own religions?

Yes, many tribal groups follow indigenous belief systems, often blending with Hindu customs and nature worship.